If the past few months have shown anything, it’s that relying on advertising as a primary business model is, at best, risky, and, at worst, suicidal. The scraps left over after Facebook and Google have consumed almost all U.S. ad revenue are not meaty enough to nourish the thousands of hungry media sites aggressively circling them.
To counter that, more and more companies are moving toward a rebalancing of revenue between advertisers and readers. Whether it’s via membership models, hard paywalls, metered paywalls, ticket sales, or some other method, it’s clear that the revenue burden is shifting toward consumers.
But changing where we’re getting money from can’t happen in a vacuum. We also need to rethink the relationship we have with paying readers. It’s not enough for us to say, “What we do is important, and you to help fund it.” We need to listen to and engage with those who we’re asking to support us. Put another way: We can’t just be of the people; we need to be with them.
Spirited Media is launching a membership program in February, and we’re spending a lot of time making sure the benefits that come with membership assure that we’ll be intensely connected to those who sign up. Because, to me, the success of any media membership program won’t be measured by how many people sign up, but by what percentage we retain over time. And my main concern is that many news organizations will launch paywalls or membership programs, but won’t also take the time to rethink the relationship with those they’re asking to pay. One of the arguments I’ve gotten in response is: “Hey, we’ve always gotten money from readers via subscriptions, so what’s the difference?”
But let’s be honest: For almost all newspapers, subscriptions were a tiny revenue stream, and the attention given to readers was commensurate. Or, put another way, there’s a reason you could put a few quarters in honor boxes and take all the newspapers in them. Go to most local news websites and you’ll be assaulted by disruptive ads, auto-play video, slideshows, and pagination. Who do you think those sites have been designed for — advertisers or readers?
This is why I’m worried that media organizations will only get part of the reader puzzle right. I worry that many organizations will take readers’ money and just say, “Trust us.” That may be enough for The New York Times or The Washington Post, but it’s not going to be enough for the vast majority of media organizations. And local is where this will likely be the biggest challenge because, in my view, the monopoly years of local newspapers reduced the frequency and quality of the contact between news organizations and their consumers. When new sections were launched, it was usually because there were huge ad dollars attached. Direct interaction with the average reader was limited to the occasional phone call, email, or social media response. As a result, consumers — while surely being informed by local news organizations — no longer felt like they “knew” them. That has to change.
In the new world, consumers who pay will expect their voice to be heard. And, those of us in media sure as hell better listen. And, no, this doesn’t mean taking reporting assignments from readers, though we should surely listen to them for good story ideas. And, no, it doesn’t mean changing anything we cover because it may upset paying customers. But it does mean that inviting readers in to provide feedback, to share ideas and to meet journalists can’t just be an occasional PR stunt. It has to be a central tenet of how we operate. And it means sending our journalists into rooms full of readers at events, and making sure they engage when presented with respectful feedback on their work.
At Spirited Media’s sites, we’ve built intensely loyal audiences through an events-focused model and a responsive social media voice, but we know we need to take that game up a level if we expect our consumers to take on more of our financial burden. That means higher-impact events where we can connect our members to newsmakers they may not normally interact with or get them into cool places they can’t normally get into. It means talking directly to readers even more than we do now, which may come in the form of a members-only Slack channel where we post stories first, talk about what we’re covering, or answer questions from readers.
It’s not a new thought that we need to turn journalism into more of a conversation. But I’d argue we’ve talked a better game than we’ve played. And now that we’re moving toward a world where readers are going to pay more and more of the bills, we better deliver on the promise, and now.
Jim Brady is CEO of Spirited Media and public editor of ESPN.
Millie Tran and Stine Bauer Dahlberg (Hint: It’s about your brand)
Mariana Moura Santos Think local, act global
Borja Echevarría TV goes digital, digital goes TV
Helen Havlak Keywords, not publishers, power the world’s biggest feeds
Debra Adams Simmons And a woman shall lead them
Monika Bauerlein The firehose of falsehood
S. Mitra Kalita The arc of news and audience
Kathleen McElroy Building a news video experience native to mobile
Pia Frey Address users as individuals
Marie Gilot No assholes allowed
Dannagal G. Young Stop covering politics as a game
Dheerja Kaur Fun with subscription products
Tanya Cordrey Finally, the seeds of radical reinvention
Will Sommer The year local media gets conservative
Julia Beizer A longer view on the pivot
Hannah Cassius The year of the echo-chamber escapists
Caitria O'Neill The new court of public opinion
Valérie Bélair-Gagnon Seeking trust in fragmented spaces
Matt Thompson Here come the attention managers
Miguel Castro The arrival of the impact producer
Jessica Parker Gilbert Design connects storytelling and strategy
Sam Ford The year of investing in processes
Alice Antheaume Are you fluent in AI?
Juliette De Maeyer A responsible press criticism
Cindy Royal Your journalism curriculum is obsolete
Alastair Coote The year of self-improvement
Matt Boggie The intellectual equivalent of the Dead Sea
Marcela Donini and Thiago Herdy Collaboration is the way forward for Brazilian journalism
Trushar Barot The Jio-fication of India
Eric Nuzum Beyond the narrative arc
Evie Nagy Pivot to mobile video frustration
Andrew Losowsky The year of resilience
Matt Carlson Attacks on the press will get worse
Bill Keller A growing turn to philanthropy
Mi-Ai Parrish Blockchain and trust
Basile Simon We need better career paths for news nerds
Julia B. Chan Looking for loyalty in all the right places
Cristina Wilson The year of the Instagram Story
Niketa Patel Live journalism comes of age
Jennifer Coogan The future is female
Molly de Aguiar Good journalism won’t be enough
Frédéric Filloux External forces
Doris Truong Computer vision vs. the Internet vigilantes
Raju Narisetti Mirror, mirror on the wall
Corey Johnson The pro-fact resistance
Gordon Crovitz Serving readers over advertisers
Susie Banikarim R.I.P. Pivot to Video (2017–2017)
Tracie Powell The muting of underserved voices
Taylor Lorenz Social and media will split
Amy King Let’s amplify visual voice
Nicholas Quah Stop talking trash about young people
Ernst-Jan Pfauth Publishing less to give readers more
Mira Lowe The year of the local watchdog
Federica Cherubini The rise of bridge roles in news organizations
Mandy Velez texting is lit rn, fam
Lucas Graves From algorithms to institutions
Rasmus Kleis Nielsen The Snapchat scenario and the risk of more closed platforms
Joanne Lipman Journalists inventing revenue streams
Raney Aronson-Rath Transparency is the antidote to fake news
Rodney Gibbs Tech workers turn to journalism
Ray Soto VR reaches the next level
Sarah Marshall Loyalty as the key performance indicator
Felix Salmon Covering bitcoin while owning bitcoin
Amie Ferris-Rotman More female reporters abroad (please)
Alfred Hermida Going beyond mobile-first
Eric Ulken The year local publishers get smart(er) about change
Carrie Brown Transparency finally takes off
Jared Newman Venture funding and digital news don’t mix
C.W. Anderson The social media apocalypse
Joyce Barnathan It will be harder to bury the news
Nicholas Diakopoulos Fortifying social media from automated inauthenticity
Jim Brady With the people, not just of the people
Umbreen Bhatti The trust problem isn’t new
Jennifer Choi Standing up for us and for each other
Kawandeep Virdee Zines had it right all along
Michelle Garcia Navigating journalistic transparency
Michael Kuntz The only pivot that might work
Richard Tofel The platforms’ power demands more reporters’ attention
Edward Roussel Eyes, ears, and brains
Feli Sánchez The year for guerrilla user research
Jamie Mottram From pageviews to t-shirts
Yvonne Leow The rise of video messaging
Kim Fox Audience teams diversify their approach
Errin Haines At the ballot, it’s time to count black women
Francesco Marconi The year of machine-to-machine journalism
Monique Judge Letting black women tell their own stories
Mariano Blejman News games rule
Jennifer Brandel and Mónica Guzmán The editorial meeting of the future
José Zamora Revenue-first journalism
Sam Sanders Shine the light on ourselves
Kinsey Wilson Facebook and Google: Help out or pay up
P. Kim Bui The reckoning is only beginning
Kristen Muller The year of the voter
Carlos Martínez de la Serna The new journalism commons
Ståle Grut Reclaiming audience interaction from social networks
Lam Thuy Vo Breaking free from the tyranny of the loudest
Charo Henríquez Training is an investment, not an expense
Emily Goligoski Looking beyond news for inspiration
Dan Shanoff You down with OTT? (Yeah, DTC)
Kyle Ellis Let’s build our way out of this
Ruth Palmer Risks will grow for news subjects — especially minorities
Alan Soon The rise of start of psychographic, micro-targeted media
Daniel Trielli The rich get richer, the poor scramble
Rachel Davis Mersey AI, with real smarts
AX Mina Memes and visuals come to the fore
Tim Carmody Watch out for Spotify
Rodney Benson Better, less read, and less trusted
Laura E. Davis Writing answers before you know the question
Sally Lehrman Trust comes first
Sydette Harry Listen to your corner and watch for the hook
Mike Caulfield Refactoring media literacy for the networked age
Juleyka Lantigua Women of color will reclaim and monetize our time
Mary Meehan Real lives are at stake in rural areas
Alexios Mantzarlis Moving fake news research out of the lab
Pete Brown Push alerts, personalized
Christopher Meighan Passive partnership is in the rearview
Claire Wardle Disinformation gets worse
Joanne McNeil Gatekeeping the gatekeepers
Rick Berke Value is the watchword
Mary Walter-Brown Show a little vulnerability
Aron Pilhofer We can’t leave the business to the business side any more
Amy Webb Listen to weak signals
Rubina Madan Fillion Unlocking the potential of AI
Nik Usher The year of The Washington Post
Brian Lam Sketchy ethics around product reviews
Manoush Zomorodi Self-help as a publishing strategy
Adam Thomas Sharing is caring: The year of the mentor
Jim Moroney Newspapers have to be good enough for readers to pay for
Elizabeth Jensen Show your work
Sara M. Watson Feeds will open up to new user-determined filters
Pablo Boczkowski The rise of skeptical reading
Andrew Haeg The year journalists become relationship builders
Emma Carew Grovum Newsroom culture becomes a priority
Imaeyen Ibanga Longform video leads the way
Tanzina Vega It’s time for media companies to #PassTheMic
Tamar Charney We get serious about algorithms
Vanessa K. DeLuca Women’s voices take center stage
Craig Newmark Working together toward sustainable solutions
Steve Grove The midterms are an opportunity
Zizi Papacharissi Women come back
Andrew Ramsammy The year ownership mattered
Lanre Akinola Making noise is not a strategy
Betsy O'Donovan and Melody Kramer Skepticism and narcissism
Nushin Rashidian Publishers seek ad dollar alternatives
Luke O'Neil The end is already here
Michelle Ferrier The year of the great reckoning
Cory Haik Suffering from realness, pivoting to impact
Caitlin Thompson Podcasting models mature and diversify
Matt DeRienzo A recession, then a collapse
Heather Bryant Building the ecosystems for collaboration
Jesse Holcomb Information disorder, coming to a congressional district near you
Hossein Derakhshan Television has won
Jassim Ahmad Thriving on change
Jarrod Dicker Honesty in advertising
Justin Kosslyn The year journalists become digital security experts
Damon Krukowski Reviving the alt-weekly soul
Corey Ford The empire strikes back
David Skok Finding an information-life balance
Mario García Storytelling finally adapts to mobile
Renée Kaplan The year of quiet adjustments (shhh)
Rachel Schallom Better design helps differentiate opinion and news