2
0
1
9

AI-generated fakes launch a software arms race

“Detecting AI-generated forgeries is not simply a new version of an old reporting challenge. No amount of journalistic ingenuity and doggedness will match the scale, speed, and accuracy at which they will be distributed in the coming years.”

If you were scared by the spread of the doctored Jim Acosta video, 2019 will terrify you.

Over the past year, technologists have witnessed entirely unprecedented advances in the field of AI-enabled forgeries and manipulations: from developments in motion transfer to better deepfakes to improved text-to-image generation.

Such progress did not go unnoticed. Opinion pages, think tanks, and even senators have since prophesied the collapse of democracy and the death of truth as we know it. Fake news was one thing, but manipulatable audio, image, and video — as metonymized by deepfakes — would assault the trust we instinctively place in our senses. More engaging and more believed than text, any and all photos or videos could become as doubted as a photoshopped magazine cover. Descartes’ wax would not just melt near the fire, it would disintegrate.

Rather than reiterate these dystopian forecasts, I would encourage newsrooms to treat such AI-generated forgeries as already arrived. In 2018, we saw algorithmically generated audio, image, and video reach unprecedented believability. In 2019, we will see how the public responds when such content is mass distributed.

The public response largely depends on how newsrooms will handle the detection of algorithmically generated content at scale. Last month, The Wall Street Journal was the first newsroom to publicly announce how it is preparing its team for the oncoming wave. Francesco Marconi and Till Daldrup argued that “traditional reporting” is the best way to detect deepfake videos. Certainly, the Journal should be applauded for its prescience and preparation. Yet detecting AI-generated forgeries is not simply a new version of an old reporting challenge. No amount of journalistic ingenuity and doggedness will match the scale, speed, and accuracy at which they will be distributed in the coming years. Instead, newsrooms will need to turn to software solutions — whether built in-house or purchased — for digital forensics. Such solutions will likely include metadata verification, trusted media capture, change level analysis, and public-facing proof points — in other words, the kinds of tasks humans cannot perform at scale.

To be clear: I do not believe that software alone will reverse the rise of AI-generated content. Nor do I believe that any single set of algorithms can restore the faith Americans once placed in journalism. But I do believe that in the coming year, newsrooms will have to turn to software if they want to combat the growing wave and ever-increasing quality of AI-generated content. Media companies can start this preparation by attaching forensic analysts to their newsrooms. Merely reporting on this new threat to journalism, democracy, and truth won’t be enough. To preserve faith in journalism, it will require a combination of software, continued reporting, and heightened public knowledge working against a problem that is already upon us.

Ståle Grut   A new dawn for 3D tech in journalism

Michael Rain   The year of the culturally relevant curator

Renan Borelli   Developing loyalty means developing your talent

Candis Callison   Learn from Indigenous journalists on covering climate change

Jeremy Gilbert   AI finally becomes helpful

Adam Thomas   In Europe, foundations invest in news

Frank Mungeam   Tonight at 11: News, sports, and climate change

Peter Cunliffe-Jones   The focus of misinformation debates shifts south

Frank Chimero   Leave the phone at home and put news on your wrist

Andrew Donohue   Voting rights becomes the new climate change

Reyhan Harmanci   Selling more stories to Hollywood

Dan Shanoff   Bet on sports gambling

Simon Rogers   Data journalism becomes a global field

Alyssa Zeisler   We expand what (and how and who) we serve

Heather Bryant   We are responsible for how we use our power

Chase Davis   We can acknowledge what we don’t know

Josh Schwartz   A pullback from platforms and a focus on product

Catalina Albeanu   Being responsible for what we don’t know

Errin Haines   Say it with me: Racism

Cherian George   Fake news wins in Asia

Seth C. Lewis   The gap between journalism and research is too wide

Amy Schmitz Weiss   Local news isn’t where you thought it was

Alexis Lloyd & Matt Boggie   The year product leads media

A.J. Bauer   The coming splintering of conservative media

Patrick Butler   Measuring impact will increase audience trust

Nathalie Malinarich   Video — yes, video

Manoush Zomorodi   Tech will do for information overload what it did for mindfulness

Matt Waite   “I went to Node.js because I wished to live deliberately”

Rachel Glickhouse   Newsrooms will prioritize audience needs

Jonas Kaiser   Catching up with “Neuland”

Mike Caulfield   Ditch the media literacy cynicism and get to work

Peter Bale   Venture capital runs out of patience

Matt Karolian   Publishers come to terms with being Facebook’s enablers

Elizabeth Jensen   Going where the Acela can’t take you

Gideon Lichfield   Goodbye attention economy, we’ll miss you

Taylor Lorenz   Personal branding is more powerful than ever

Andrew Ramsammy   The great re-pivot to audio

Kainaz Amaria   We consider who’s behind the camera

Mike Isaac   The old exit doors for digital media companies are closing

Carrie Brown-Smith   Advocating a healthy civic life is no journalistic crime

Ernie Smith   The year we step back from the platform

John Saroff   The pivot to reader revenue’s unintended consequences

Greg Emerson   Power to the user

Zuzanna Ziomecka   News leadership gets an overdue upgrade

Knight Foundation   A year of local collaboration

Linda Solomon Wood   The year of the climate reporter

Renée Kaplan   Our future could lie within our own organizations

Steve Henn   Smart speakers get smarter

Jack Riley   Facebook refugees, from ad revenue to news habits

Colleen Shalby   Representation becomes more than a talking point

Cory Bergman   Journalism as a technology service

Kelsey Proud   Journalism becomes the escape

Tim Carmody   Unlocking the commons

Rick Berke   The year of loyalty

Ernst-Jan Pfauth   Readers are only getting started

Francesco Zaffarano   Towards a rethinking of journalism on social media

Rodney Gibbs   A bright — and young — year for audio

Betsy O'Donovan and Melody Kramer   The most beautiful sentence in 2019 is “No.”

Tyler Fisher   This is journalism’s do-or-die moment

Mariana Moura Santos   From pageviews to impact

Steve Grove   A reckoning for tech’s work with news

John Biewen   Podcasts keep getting better

Claire Wardle   Forget deepfakes: Misinformation is showing up in our most personal online spaces

Seema Yasmin   We will create our own spaces

Jesse Brown   Canada’s subsidy for news backfires

Rubina Madan Fillion   Fighting the reality of deepfakes

Borja Bergareche Sainz de los Terreros   Entering a more balanced era

Rachel Davis Mersey   Local news goes minimalist

Jared Newman   AI-generated fakes launch a software arms race

Kawandeep Virdee   Media wants to take care of you

P. Kim Bui   The misfits become the bosses

Dheerja Kaur   A focus on problems, not platforms

Glyn Mottershead and Martin Chorley   When a tech company pulls the plug on your story

Matt Skibinski   Quality and reliability are the new currencies for publishers

Christa Scharfenberg and Vickie Baranetsky   The year of the lawsuit

Sarah Alvarez   Simplify and redistribute

Victor Pickard   We will finally confront systemic market failure

Elizabeth Dunbar   Local reporters reflect on what’s not important

Efrat Nechushtai   Journalism wants to be your friend, not your teacher

Umbreen Bhatti   The story doesn’t end for the people we quote

Steve Myers   From trying to cover it all to covering what matters

Jennifer Dargan   You don’t build diversity through one-off training sessions

Jake Shapiro   Podcasting is media’s slow food movement

Joel Konopo   Influencers become the new liberated power in Africa

Angèle Christin   Algorithms and the reflexive turn

Ariel Zirulnick   Participation gets professional

Alberto Cairo   A year of uncertainty and confidence

Zizi Papacharissi   Old interface, say hello to the new interface

Heba Aly   The rise of international nonprofit news

Sarah Marshall   A return to destination journalism

Don Day   Timewalls and other reader revenue experiments

Elva Ramirez   News — but make it cinematic

Rebecca Searles   From silos to Swiss Army knife teams

Mario García   The rise of content “pilots”

Talia Stroud   Engaging people across lines of difference

Simon Galperin   After capitalism’s fire, journalism’s secondary succession

Nisha Chittal   The homepage makes a comeback

Rasmus Kleis Nielsen   A long, slow slog, with no one coming to the rescue

Tushar Banerjee   Interactive ads will be the new face of display advertising

Mike Rispoli and Craig Aaron   Government funds local news — and that’s a good thing

Kate Myers   Journalism continues to be bad for democracy

Angilee Shah   The year news orgs say “yes” to real leaders

Meredith Artley   Huge demand for…anything but politics

Jesse Holcomb   We’ll get better at making the case for local journalism

Ole Reißmann   The rise of vertical storytelling

Zainab Khan   Publishers whose products can stand up to social media giants will win

Rebecca Lee Sanchez   We are all actors in the running rampant of political theater

Whitney Phillips   Our information systems aren’t broken — they’re working as intended

Rishad Patel   A design system for responsible publishing

LaToya Drake   Listen up: New stories, new storytellers

Winny de Jong   Data journalism goes undercover

Jim Friedlich   Meet Citizen Kane 2.0

Nico Gendron   Reaching Generation Z beyond the coasts

Jonathan Stray   More algorithmic accountability reporting, and a lot of it will be meh

Johannes Klingebiel   We all grow hooves

Thomas Hanitzsch   The rise of tribal journalism

Mandy Velez   Putting the social back in social media

Craig Newmark   The end of “loudspeakers for liars”

AX Mina   The death of consensus, not the death of truth

Julia Rubin   Meeting people where they are

Joanne McNeil   Building a digital hospice

Adam B. Ellick   Video forensic reporting goes mainstream — and local

Annie Rudd   A more intimate aesthetic of politics — on Insta

Soo Oh   Just showing our work isn’t enough

Julie Posetti   The year of the fight back

Hearken   Pivot to people

J. Siguru Wahutu   Think 2018 was bad? Wait until you see 2019

Libby Bawcombe   Haikus of the news

Ben Smith   The pendulum starts to swing back

Raney Aronson-Rath   We learn “digital” doesn’t have to mean “short”

Bill Adair   Another year fighting Trump’s falsehoods

Shalabh Upadhyay   A culture clash on India’s growing Internet

Stephanie Edgerly   It’s time to understand the un-audience

Becca Aaronson   From bridge roles to product thinkers

John Garrett   You can’t raise prices forever

Lauren Katz   Community becomes a core newsroom value

Michael Grant   More newsrooms experiment their way to success

Monique Judge   Committing to the truth, calling out lies

Kjerstin Thorson   Time to get mad about information inequality (again)

Sue Cross   Return of the water cooler

Amy King   We should listen to the kids (especially on Instagram)

Jonathan Gill   Publishers build a common tech platform together

Mandy Jenkins   Fight the urge to run away from social media

Francesco Marconi   The year of iterative journalism

Ruth Palmer and Benjamin Toff   From news fatigue to news avoidance

Kristen Muller   Local news fails — in a good way

Nikki Usher   Three ways national media will further undermine trust

Callie Schweitzer   The rise of the conveners

Marie Shanahan   Newsrooms take the comments sections back from platforms

Cristi Hegranes   A year to invest in the security of local journalists

Kevin D. Grant   A year to embrace journalism as public service

Heather Chaplin   Agree we’re partisan — for the democratic system

Eric Nuzum   The year of the DIY podcast network

Elizabeth Bramson-Boudreau   A more sincere definition of “community”

Brian Moritz   The subscription-pocalypse is about to hit

Matthew Pressman   The battle over objectivity intensifies

Charo Henríquez   Pivot to journalism

Alexandra Svokos   Good luck convincing us millennials to pay

Elisabeth Goodridge   Yes, they signed up — but our job’s not over

Darryl Holliday   Let’s talk about power (yours)

Sarah Stonbely   Mapping the local news ecosystem — with scale but detail

Carolina Guerrero   Spanish-language audio blows up

Millie Tran   There is no magic — you’ve got this

Almar Latour   Reported facts, weaponized in service of action

Joshua P. Darr   The nationalization of political news will accelerate

Tshepo Tshabalala   Ahead of African elections, unlock partnerships with fact-checkers

Elite Truong   What do we owe the next generation?

Masuma Ahuja   Make foreign coverage less foreign

Moreno Cruz Osório   Damaged credibility and a new threat in Brazil

Dave Burdick   Seeing our blind spots

Jeff Chin   We detox from Chartbeat

Jean Friedman Rudovsky   Cross-newsroom collaborations strengthen communities

Juleyka Lantigua   Podcasting battles East Coast bias

Cindy Royal   For journalism curriculum to change, its faculty needs disruption

Alexandra Borchardt   Newsrooms need to build trust with their journalists, not just the audience

Robin Kwong   Tech shouldn’t be the only field pollinating “news nerds”

Kyra Darnton   A shift to depth in video

Stefanie Murray   Local news wakes up and starts collaborating

Nicholas Jackson   More transparency around newsroom decisions

Bill Grueskin   Toward a symphony model for local news

Geetika Rudra   The year of actionable (local) journalism

M. Scott Havens   Time to swing for the fences

Sue Robinson   Reporters go on the offensive

Mat Yurow   Content competition from the tech companies

Hossein Derakhshan   The news is dying, but journalism will not — and should not

Logan Molyneux   Seeing social media for what it is

Robert Hernandez   Racists and sexists get replaced

Justin Kosslyn   Text hits a tipping point

Eric Ulken   The year you actually start to like your CMS

Ben Werdmuller   The platform tide is turning

Gabriel Snyder   Journalism doesn’t fit well in a funnel

Shannon McGregor   More bogus embedded tweets in our stories

Salem Solomon   Correcting our corrections

Laura E. Davis   More access, but not that kind

Pablo Boczkowski   Reimagining the media for post-institutional times

Joe Amditis   Give the audience a seat at the table

Carl Bialik   Fatigued news consumers will pay more for less news

Emma Carew Grovum   The year of the loyal reader

Pia Frey   You can’t solve a crisis without treating it as a crisis

Jenée Desmond-Harris   It finally sinks in that some people aren’t white

Andrea Faye Hart   Doing less harm, not just more good

Celeste LeCompte   Local news needs local conversation to survive

Adam Smith   Platforms will have to help rebuild trust in news

Axie Navas   The traffic hunt, CMS battle, and magazine identity crises loom

Tamar Charney   Seriously: What do you do for people?